Prevalence of Osteoporosis in Chronic Spinal Cord Injury Patients Living in Rural Area- Descriptive Cross Sectional Study

• Author(s): Sakshi Dhamale ; Dr. Komal Thorat
• Paper ID: 1706085
• Page: 370-375
• Published Date: 25-07-2024
• Published In: Iconic Research And Engineering Journals
• Publisher: IRE Journals
• e-ISSN: 2456-8880
• Volume/Issue: Volume 8 Issue 1 July-2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND- - Spinal cord injury is a serious medical condition that can lead to severe morbidity and permanent disability, as well as psychological and socioeconomic challenges. The approximate incident rates in patients injured via high-energy mechanisms are 50%–70% in motor vehicle accidents. Fall from height, gunshot wounds, sports: 10%–15% Complications often result in a higher risk of illness and death, leading to more hospital visits and reduced job opportunities, thereby decreasing the quality of life. The complications are orthostatic hypotension, respiratory complications, autonomic dysreflexia, pressure ulcers, and osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue, leading to increased bone fragility and the risk of fractures. Mechanical unloading, as evidenced by bone loss during space flights and bed rest, is believed to be the main cause. It is known that the first two weeks following an injury are the most susceptible to reducing bone growth. About 40% of bone loss may occur within 6 months of the injury; this rate of bone loss is much faster than that of non-SCI-immobile situations. Estimating hip and lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the gold standard method for diagnosing osteoporosis. The cortical thickness index (CTI) is the most often used radiographic metric to evaluate the condition of the bones. Methodology: - This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study with prospective data collection. It was approved by the ethical committee, PIMS-DU Loni. Informed consent was obtained from all the participants included in the study. Each patient was evaluated by history and physical examination. The history was obtained by direct interview. The data collected was age, gender, neurological level, ASIA, duration of injury, and cause of injury. Radiological studies of the hips were done by x-ray. The cortical thickness index was calculated. Cortical thickness index is the ratio of femoral diaphyseal diameter [outer diameter (do)] minus the intramedullary canal [inner diameter (di)] to the femoral diaphyseal diameter. Conclusion- The cortical thickness index was found to be lower in spinal cord injury patients. Osteoporosis and bone-related problems can be avoided by addressing bone health through medical management, physical therapy, and lowering the incidence of falls. The study emphasizes the importance of patient education about bone health and the creation of protocols to treat and prevent osteoporosis in spinal cord injury patients as part of a rehabilitation strategy.

Keywords

Spinal cord injury, Osteoporosis, Cortical thickness index, Prevalence

Citations

IRE Journals:
Sakshi Dhamale , Dr. Komal Thorat "Prevalence of Osteoporosis in Chronic Spinal Cord Injury Patients Living in Rural Area- Descriptive Cross Sectional Study" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 8 Issue 1 2024 Page 370-375

IEEE:
Sakshi Dhamale , Dr. Komal Thorat "Prevalence of Osteoporosis in Chronic Spinal Cord Injury Patients Living in Rural Area- Descriptive Cross Sectional Study" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 8(1)