Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of Neem Leaf, Lemon Grass, and Mixture of Neem Leaf & Lemon Grass Essential Oil Extract(S) Against Some Selected Gram Positive and Gram Negative Organisms.

• Author(s): Chollom Amina Mohammed ; Hirdima Morgak Stephens ; Atanda Sadiq joseph
• Paper ID: 1703733
• Page: 32-39
• Published Date: 02-08-2022
• Published In: Iconic Research And Engineering Journals
• Publisher: IRE Journals
• e-ISSN: 2456-8880
• Volume/Issue: Volume 6 Issue 2 August-2022

Abstract

In this study, the antimicrobial activity and phytochemical constituents of neem leaf, lemon grass and mixture of neem leaf + lemon grass essential oil extract were evaluated. Oil extracts of neem leaf, lemon grass and mixture of neem leaf + lemon grass were obtained by solvent extraction method using n-hexane. Antimicrobial activity screening of plants’ oil extracts was conducted using agar well diffusion method and the oil extracts were tested against two-gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) and two-gram negative bacteria (Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli). Results: Phytochemical components of the oil extracts were alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, glycosides, phenol, flavonoids, steroids and carbohydrates. Flavonoids, alkaloids and carbohydrate were most present in Neem leaf, lemon grass and mixture Neem leaf + lemon grass extracts while saponins, tannins and phenols are in moderate concentration in the three extracts, while steroid was only present in Lemon grass extract, and glycoside was only present in Neem leaf extract. There was significant antimicrobial activity in the test carried out, with the mixed extract at known quantity having the highest zone of inhibition 10.00± 0.17a against B. subtilis at 400mg/ml and lemon grass had the lowest zone 3.00± 0.06d against E. coli at 400mg/ml. Conclusion: The antimicrobial activity of Neem extract, Lemon grass extract and mixed extract may be attributed to the present of phytochemical constituent present in the extracts. The present study showed that the mixture of Neem leaves and lemon grass extract exhibited significant activity compared to the individual extracts and could be exploited as the source of a potent bioactive ingredient for pharmaceutical products for the treatment of bacterial infections and also to improve the quality of health care.

Keywords

Phytochemical Analysis, Essential oil extract, antimicrobial activity, lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus), and neem (Azadirachta indica).

Citations

IRE Journals:
Chollom Amina Mohammed , Hirdima Morgak Stephens , Atanda Sadiq joseph "Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of Neem Leaf, Lemon Grass, and Mixture of Neem Leaf & Lemon Grass Essential Oil Extract(S) Against Some Selected Gram Positive and Gram Negative Organisms." Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 6 Issue 2 2022 Page 32-39

IEEE:
Chollom Amina Mohammed , Hirdima Morgak Stephens , Atanda Sadiq joseph "Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of Neem Leaf, Lemon Grass, and Mixture of Neem Leaf & Lemon Grass Essential Oil Extract(S) Against Some Selected Gram Positive and Gram Negative Organisms." Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 6(2)